Smerechynsky S. about the specifics of using impersonal structures with a projection on current regulations

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find out the specific morphological and syntactic features of Ukrainian scientific and technical speech in the context of Smerechynskyi's S. concept of models using impersonal verb constructions in -но [ nо], -то [-to] as well as to project this concept to the current normative and to formulate recommendations for impersonal application forms. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks have been identified: 1. To formulate the reasons for the appearance of distortions in the
syntactic system of scientific and technical speech. 2. Identify the most important rules for using impersonal forms following the concept formulated in Smerechynskyi's S. textbook "Essays on Ukrainian Syntax" (1932). 3. Compare these rules with other teachings of the beginning of the 20th century with modern requirements for forming texts of a scientific and technical style, reflected in the scientific literature. 4. Based on grammatical works of previous periods, propose provisions for improving the modern normalization on this issue.

The work uses many theoretical methods and techniques: deduction, induction, synthesis, generalization, and systematization. Interpretive methods are also applied, which are based on the principles of systematicity and make it possible to explain empirical materials concerning primary assumptions and vocations to integrate the received empirical data into a single scientific system. A comparative and comparative analysis makes it possible to reveal the facts of the interfering influence of the Russian language on Ukrainian, to single out the consequences of the interference at the syntactic level. It was established that the modern Ukrainian
literary language, formed dialectically, has a personality at the center of the message. Therefore active constructions prevail in it. However, when it is necessary to focus on actions without considering the subject, the Ukrainian language adds constructions with predicative forms in -но [-nо], -то [-to], which are specific features of Ukrainian syntax. Modern scientific literature singles out the following most essential features of forms in -но [ nо], -то [-to], which are also recorded in the concept of Smerechynskyi S.: 1) Forms -но [-nо], -то [-to] are verb forms related to passive participles in origin, but different from the latter by the fact that they are unchanged and perform only a predicative function in a sentence; 2) Impersonal forms in -но [-nо], -то [-to] express a completed action that has recently passed, so they do not need the auxiliary word was. If it is reported about a long-finished or future action, this form is combined with the auxiliary verb was or will be; 3) Models with verb forms in -но [-nо], -то [-to] emphasize effectiveness, the presence of inevitable consequences at the moment of speech. Therefore they are suitable for use in all styles. In science, their use is also due to the reluctance to emphasize the author's position. It is recommended to activate in modern scientific and technical speech ancient Ukrainian models - impersonal monosyllabic sentences with a verb form in -но [-nо], -то [-to], in which the subject is not named, as well as active constructions with different forms of verb formations that convey the dynamics of thought, accurately and accurately reproduce living vernacular.